In this structure, a GerS homodimer is bound to two CwlD monomers such that the CwlD active sites are exposed. To gain insight into how GerS regulates CwlD activity, we solved the crystal structure of the CwlD:GerS complex. difficile, MAL production depends on the CwlD amidase and its binding partner, the GerS lipoprotein. Cortex degradation depends on the presence of the spore-specific peptidoglycan modification, muramic-∂-lactam (MAL), which is specifically recognized by cortex lytic enzymes. During gemination, spores must degrade their cortex layer, which is a thick, protective layer of modified peptidoglycan. Spore-forming pathogens like Clostridioides difficile depend on germination to initiate infection.
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